最高楼·康养胜地兴义

（中华新韵）

天宜居士

羁旅地，

天气益人康。

诗景映穹苍。

谷幽湖碧飞泉瀑，

万峰林里鸟回翔。

布依村，

林草茂，

稻花香。

租几亩荒山学五柳。

筑一处草庐常聚友。

沐雨露、

晒暄阳。

尝茶品酒还怀旧，

横琴泼墨放歌狂。

诵江山，

吟日月，

咏霓裳。

（作者简介:天宜居士，本名夏金峣，贵州人，欧洲大学工商管理博士。北京大学未名湖文学社签约作家。)

点评：

这首《最高楼·康养胜地兴义》以中华新韵写成，借传统词牌写当代康养旅居生活。全词上片写兴义自然生态与人文风物，下片写理想中的田园栖居与文人雅趣。其核心不只在“养身”，更在“养心”：由气候、山水、村寨、稻香，进入租田、结庐、沐雨、晒阳、品茶、弹琴、泼墨、放歌、吟咏的精神自由。整体风格清丽、闲适、旷达，兼具山水词、田园词、隐逸词与旅游文化词的特点。现逐句解析与综合鉴赏。

一、逐句解析

上阕：写景——兴义之自然与人文

“羁旅地，天气益人康。”

“羁旅”点明作者客居身份，暗含漂泊之感，却以“地”字落定，将兴义定位为旅途中的归宿。“天气益人康”直扣“康养”主题，言兴义气候宜人，有益身心健康。开篇以叙事起笔，平实中见真意，为全词奠定“宜居”基调。

“诗景映穹苍。”

“诗景”二字将眼前风光诗化，既是实景，亦是心境。“映穹苍”以天宇为背景，勾勒出兴义山水的高远与澄明。此句总领上阕写景，气象开阔。

“谷幽湖碧飞泉瀑，”

三组意象并列：谷之幽深、湖之碧透、泉瀑之飞动。视觉上由静入动，由深至远，色彩与声响交织。“飞泉瀑”三字连用，节奏急促，摹写水势之奔放，暗合兴义万峰湖、马岭河峡谷等地貌特征。

“万峰林里鸟回翔。”

“万峰林”为兴义标志性景观，以“万”状峰之多，以“林”喻峰之密，堪称绝妙。“鸟回翔”以动衬静，鸟在峰林间盘旋往复，既写生态之和谐，亦暗喻作者心境之从容。此句与上句对仗工整，一水一山，一动一静，构成完整画面。

“布依村，林草茂，稻花香。”

三字短句排比，节奏明快，如民歌般朗朗上口。“布依村”点出人文特色，兴义为布依族苗族自治州首府，民族风情浓郁。“林草茂”承上写植被，“稻花香”则引入嗅觉意象，暗示丰收与田园之乐。上阕以视觉、听觉、嗅觉多感官收束，立体呈现兴义“康养”之自然根基。

下阕：抒情——隐逸之志与文人雅趣

“租几亩荒山学五柳。”

“五柳”用陶渊明典，陶渊明号五柳先生，以归隐田园著称。“租几亩荒山”是想象之辞，表达归隐之志，而非实指。“学”字谦逊，却见追慕先贤之心。此句由景入情，转写人事。

“筑一处草庐常聚友。”

“草庐”呼应隐逸主题，诸葛亮曾躬耕南阳、筑草庐，此处兼有隐逸与待友之意。“常聚友”点出社交之乐，非孤隐而是群居之隐，暗合兴义“康养”中的人文关怀。两句一“租”一“筑”，对仗中见行动之决然。

“沐雨露、晒暄阳。”

三字对句，写日常起居之乐。“沐雨露”承自然之恩泽，“晒暄阳”享日光之温暖。一“沐”一“晒”，动词精准，写出与天地共呼吸的康养状态。此句节奏短促，如呼吸般自然，与上阕“布依村”三句遥相呼应。

“尝茶品酒还怀旧，”

“尝茶品酒”写物质享受，“怀旧”写精神回望。兴义产茶（如七舍茶），亦有布依族米酒，此句将地方风物与人生况味融合。“还”字有递进之意，由口腹之欲升华为情感之思。

“横琴泼墨放歌狂。”

“横琴”写抚琴之雅，“泼墨”写书画之逸，“放歌狂”写歌咏之豪。三组动作由静入动，由雅入狂，展现文人放达不羁的一面。“狂”字为全词情绪最高点，与上阕“鸟回翔”之从容形成张力，一收一放，尽显性情。

“诵江山，吟日月，咏霓裳。”

三字排比收束全词，与上阕“布依村，林草茂，稻花香”形成结构呼应。“诵江山”写家国情怀，“吟日月”写时光感悟，“咏霓裳”写艺术追求（霓裳羽衣曲为唐代大曲，亦泛指美好乐章）。由实入虚，由个人及天地，余韵悠长。

二、综合鉴赏

1. 主题定位：康养与隐逸的双重变奏

全词以“康养胜地”为题，却未止于养生，而是将“康养”提升为一种生命哲学。上阕写自然之康养：气候、山水、田园、民族风情，皆为养身之物；下阕写人文之康养：隐逸、交友、茶酒、琴书，皆为养心之事。身与心、天与人、动与静，在词中达成和谐。而“学五柳”“筑草庐”等语，又暗含对陶渊明式归隐和诸葛亮式隐居的追慕，使“康养”超越地理概念，成为精神归宿。

2. 结构艺术：对称与递进的完美结合

全词上下阕结构高度对称：上阕以“羁旅地”起，下阕以“租荒山”起，皆为叙事起笔；上阕以“布依村，林草茂，稻花香”三字句收，下阕以“诵江山，吟日月，咏霓裳”三字句收，皆为排比结句。中间写景与抒情各占四句，形成“叙事—写景—叙事—抒情”的循环。同时，上下阕内部又有递进：上阕由气候到全景，由山水到田园，由自然到人文；下阕由隐逸到交友，由起居到雅趣，由个人到天地。对称中见变化，整齐中显灵动。

3. 意象经营：地方性与普遍性的统一

词中意象极具兴义特色：“万峰林”“布依村”“稻花香”为黔西南独有之景；“尝茶品酒”暗合当地风物。但作者并未止于地方志式的罗列，而是以“诗景”“穹苍”“五柳”“草庐”“横琴泼墨”等普遍性文化意象，将兴义置于中国隐逸文学的传统中。地方性使词作真实可感，普遍性使词作超越地域，获得更广泛的共鸣。

4. 语言风格：新韵旧体，雅俗共赏

全词用中华新韵，押“ang”韵，开口洪亮，宜于歌咏。语言上，既有“谷幽湖碧飞泉瀑”的典雅凝练，又有“租几亩荒山”的通俗直白；既有“沐雨露、晒暄阳”的质朴，又有“吟日月、咏霓裳”的绮丽。雅俗之间，自如切换，形成一种既不失古典韵味、又具现代气息的语言风格。这正与“康养”主题相合——不避俗，不炫雅，自然为本。

5. 情感内核：羁旅中的归处

开篇“羁旅地”三字，暗藏漂泊之感。然而全词并未渲染羁旅之愁，反而以“天气益人康”“诗景映穹苍”将异乡化为故乡，以“学五柳”“筑草庐”将客居化为归隐。这种“反客为主”的情感转换，正是“康养”的深层含义：真正的康养之地，不是短暂的休憩之所，而是心灵可以安放的家园。作者在兴义找到了这种家园感，故能“放歌狂”，故能“诵江山，吟日月，咏霓裳”。

6. 作者笔名“天宜居士”的互文之妙

“天宜”二字，既可解为“天生宜居”，亦可解为“天意适宜”。以“天宜居士”为名，与词题“康养胜地”形成巧妙互文：作者以“天宜”自居，而兴义正是“天宜”之地。人地相宜，天人合一，这正是中国传统文化中“宜居”的最高境界。

三、总评

此词以《最高楼》为调，写兴义康养之胜，上阕铺陈自然人文之美，下阕抒写隐逸生活之乐，结构严整，意象丰美，语言雅俗共济，情感真挚放达。其最大特色在于：将“康养”从身体层面提升至精神层面，将“羁旅”从漂泊之感转化为归隐之乐，将“地方性”从地理标签升华为文化意象。在当代诗词创作中，此词既承古典词学之正脉，又具现代生活之气息，是一首难得的“旧体新声”佳作。读罢全词，兴义之山水如在目前，而作者之襟怀亦跃然纸上——所谓“康养”，不过如此：身有所安，心有所寄，友有所聚，情有所咏。

The tallest building, the wellness resort of Hyeong Yi

(Chinese New Romance)

A paradise of paradise

The place of detention,

The weather is good for people.

The landscape of the poem reflects the sky.

The lake in the valley is filled with floating springs,

The birds in the forest of thousands of peaks fly back.

Bui village,

The trees are thick,

The smell of rice blossoms is great.

Rent a few acres of barren mountains to learn about five willows.

Build a cottage and gather friends often.

Rain, rain,

Take a dip in the sun.

It's still nostalgia to taste tea and wine,

Hengqin was a painter and a musician.

Reciting the mountains,

Singing about the sun and moon,

A song about the neon.

(Introduction: Tian Yisheng, real name Xia Jinji, a native of Guizhou, PhD in Business Administration at European University.) Peking University does not have a signed writer for the unnamed HKU literary society. )

Comments:

The poem "The tallest building, a healthy resort" is written in Chinese novel, and uses traditional words to write about contemporary healthy living. The first part of the whole word describes the natural ecology and human culture, and the second part describes ideal pastoral habitat and cultural pleasure. Its core is not only "nurturing the body," but also "nurturing" the mind: the spiritual freedom from the climate, the landscape, the villages, the rice flavor, to rent fields, build houses, bathe in the rain, sun, taste tea, play the piano, pour ink, sing and chant. The overall style is clean, laid-back, and long-lived, and has the characteristics of landscape, idyllic, hidden and tourist cultural words. I will now analyze and appreciate it sentence by sentence.

I. Explanation by sentence

First verse: Landscape Writing - Nature and Humanities in Prosperity

"The weather is very pleasant in my hometown."

The word "exile" indicates the author's resident status, implying a sense of drift, but it is settled with the word "land," positioning the meaning of happiness as the destination of the journey. "Weather is good for people's well-being" goes directly to the theme of "health and wellness," which means that the climate is pleasant and beneficial to physical and mental health. The opening chapter begins with a narrative, which shows the true meaning in plainness and sets the tone for the whole word "livable."

"The landscape of the poem reflects the sky."

The word "poetry scene" poetizes the scenery before you, both as a reality and as a state of mind. "The reflection of the sky" takes the sky as the background, and outlines the loftiness and clarity of the landscape of Xingyi. This sentence begins with a scenery and a broad outlook.

"The valley is filled with floating springs,"

Three sets of imagery are listed in parallel: the deepness of the valley, the clearness of the lake, and the flying of the springs and waterfalls. Visually, it moves from silence to motion, from depth to distance, and color and sound are intertwined. The three words "Flying Spring Falls" are used in tandem, and the rhythm is fast, imitating the flow of water, which mirrors the characteristics of Xingyi Wanfeng Lake and Maling River Gorge.

"Birds fly back in the woods of thousands of peaks."

The "forest of thousands of peaks" is an iconic landscape of Yinyi, which is wonderful because of the number of "thousands" of peaks, and the "forest" means the depth of peaks. "The bird flies back" stands for movement, and the bird circles and repeats among the peaks, both to illustrate the ecological harmony and to symbolize the author's ease of mind. This sentence contrasts neatly with the preceding sentence. One water, one mountain, one movement and one silence form a complete picture.

"The village of Bui is lush with trees and smells of rice."

A short three-word sentence is arranged in a fast rhythm that catches the ears like a folk song. The "Bui Village" points out its humanistic characteristics, and is actually the capital of the Bui ethnic Miao Autonomous Prefecture, with a strong ethnic atmosphere. "The lush vegetation" is a reference to vegetation, and "the smell of rice" introduces a sense of smell, suggesting a good harvest and idyllic idyllic. The upper sentence is limited by vision, hearing, and smell, and presents in three dimensions the natural foundation of "contamination."

Next verse: Lyricism - Hidden Desire and Literary Aptitude

"Rent a few acres of a barren mountain to learn about five willows."

"Five Liu" is based on Tao Yuanming's dictionary, and Mr. Tao Yuanming is known as Mr. Five Liu, who is famous for his retreat into the idyllic landscape. "To rent a few acres of a barren mountain" is an expression of imagination, an expression of the desire to retire, not a literal expression. The word "learning" is humble, but it seeks to admire the spirit of the wise men. The sentence derives from the scene and refers to the person.

"Build a cottage and gather friends often."

The "straw hut" echoes the theme of stealth. S. J. S. Liang once worked in Nanyang and built a straw hut, which has both stealth and friendliness. "Gathering friends often" indicates the joy of social interaction, not isolation but isolation in a group, which implies the humane care in the meaning of "healing." The two sentences - "rent" and "build" - are decisive for action in a war.

"soak in the rain and soak in the sun."

In three words, write about the joys of everyday living. "Showering with rain and dew" benefits nature, "sunbathing" enjoys the warmth of the day. One "soak" and one "sun," the verbs are precise and write out the state of recuperation that is breathing with the earth and the earth. This sentence is short and breath-like and echoes the three words "Bui village" in the preceding sentence.

"It's still a nostalgia to taste tea and wine,"

"Tea and wine" is about material enjoyment, and "nostalgia" is about spiritual reflection. Xinyi produces tea (such as Shibuya tea) and also has rice wine from the Buyi people, a phrase that blends local foods with people's tastes. The word "yes" has a progressive meaning, from the desire of mouth to the emotional thought.

"Hangqin was a lover of ink and song."

"Xhengqin" wrote of the beauty of playing piano, "Pongqin" wrote about the art of painting and writing, and "Song-mania" wrote of his poetry. The three sets of actions are composed of meditation and ecstasy, showing the unruly side of a writer. The word "mad" is the highest point of the whole word's emotion, and it forms tension with the ease of the upper sentence "the bird flies back," and it ends and ends to show character.

"Recount the mountains, sing the moon, and sing the neon."

The three-word notation constrains the whole word and forms a structural response to the preceding sentence, "The village of Bui is lush with woods and smells of rice." "To recite the mountains and rivers" expresses the feelings of homeland, "to chant the sun and moon" expresses time appreciation, and "to sing the neon dresses" expresses artistic pursuits (the neon dresses were a great Tang Dynasty song, also referring to beautiful pieces of music). From reality to reality, from the individual and the heaven and the earth, the rest of the equation is long.

II. Comprehensive appreciation

1. Theme orientation: The dual transition of wellness and stealth

The whole word is titled "healing resort," but it does not stop with healing, but elevates "healing" to a philosophy of life. The upper passage describes the maintenance of nature: the climate, the landscape, the idyllic landscape, and the ethnic style are all things that sustain us. The next verse describes the maintenance of humankind: privacy, friendship, tea and wine, music and books are all things that foster the heart. Body and mind, sky and man, motion and silence reach harmony in words. The expressions "learning five willows" and "building a grass house" also implied the admiration for Tao Yuanming's retreat and Guizhouliang's reclusiveness, making "contamination" beyond the concept of geography to become a spiritual home.

2. The Art of Structure: The Perfect Mixture of Symmetry and Reduction

The structure of the whole word is highly symmetrical: the upper part begins with "refuge land," and the lower part begins by "rental mountain," both for the purpose of writing a narrative. The upper sentence is completed with the words "Bui village, where the woods are thick and the rice flowers smell good," and the lower sentence is complete with the words, "To recite the mountains, to sing the sun and moon, and to sing the dresses." Both are a comparative conclusion. The middle scenery and lyricist occupy four sentences each, forming a "narrative-scenery-narrative-lyricist" cycle. At the same time, there is a progression within the upper and lower sections: the upper section goes from climate to panorama, from landscape to landscape, from nature to humanities; The next verse goes from stealth to friendship, from living to fun, from personal to heaven. There is change in symmetry, and vibration in orderliness.

3. Image Marketing: The Unification of Locality and Universality

The image in the word has a very auspicious character: "The Wanfeng Forest," "Bui Village" and "the smell of rice" are unique sights in southwest China's Guizhou. "Taste tea and drink wine" is a reflection of the local cuisine. Yet the author does not merely offer a local gazetteer-style enumeration; instead, by employing universal cultural imagery such as "poetic landscapes," "the vaulted sky," "Five Willows," "thatched cottage," and "playing the zither while splashing ink," the work situates Xingyi within the tradition of Chinese reclusive literature. Locality makes words feel real, and universality makes them feel beyond geographical boundaries to reach a wider resonance.

4. Language Style: Old and New, Enjoyable

The whole word uses Chinese new rhyme, with "ang" rhyme, opening loud, suitable for singing. In language, there is both the elegant and concise elegance of "the valley where the waterfalls flow" and the plain plainness of "renting a few acres of barren mountains." There is both the simplicity of "bathing in rain and dew and sunbathing" and the beauty of "chanting the sun and moon and singing the neon." Between the tastes and customs, it is easy to switch between them, forming a language style that does not lose classical flavor, but also has a modern flavor. This is consistent with the theme of "contamination" - not to be vulgar, not to be gorgeous, but to be nature-based.

5. The Emotional Core: Where to Return in the Prison

The first three words "refuge" hide the feeling of drift. However, the whole word does not express the sorrow of traveling, but instead transforms a foreign country into a homeland by "the weather is good for people" and "the landscape reflects the sky," and guests by "learning the willows" and "building a shelter" to retreat. This "anti-client" emotional transformation is the deep meaning of "healing": the true place of healing is not a temporary retreat, but a home where the mind can rest. The author found this sense of home in Xingyi, which allowed him to "pop a song" and therefore to "recall the mountains, sing the moon, and sing the dresses."

6. The genius of the author's mutual essays under the pen name "The Heavenly Placer."

The word "naturally desirable" can be interpreted as both "naturally habitable" and "naturally suitable." The name "paradise dweller" forms a clever idiom with the word "sanctuary": the author describes himself as "paradise," and the meaning is the place of "paradise."Harmony between humanity and the land, unity of heaven and humankind—this represents the highest realm of "livability" in traditional Chinese culture.

III. Overall review

This word, which is based on "The tallest building," writes about the happiness and well-being of the people. The upper sentence lays out the beauty of nature and humanities, and the lower sentence writes about life in stealth. The structure is strict, the image is beautiful, the language is elegant, and the emotion is sincere. Its greatest characteristic is to elevate "restoration" from a physical to a spiritual level, to transform "travelling" from being a sense of drift into a joy of retreat, and to elevate 'locality' from a geographical label to a cultural image. In the creation of contemporary poetry, this word bears both the roots of classical diction and the atmosphere of modern life, and is a rare "old voice" work. When I read the whole word, the landscape of happiness is as good as it is now, and the writer's outlook appears on the paper - so-called "contamination," but this is all: peace of mind, friendship, friendship.

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 来源：北京大学未名湖文学社

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By: Shu Xiaoli

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