忆旧游·美梦难圆

（中华新韵）

天宜居士

看大江浩瀚，

滚滚东流，

碧水潆泓。

想当年卒业，

立桑弧矢志，

满面春风。

赋诗咏怀天下，

豪誓作周公。

赴南北东西，

遨游寰宇，

揽月摘星。

前行。

路悠漫，

遇狂风暴雨，

怎肯终穷。

枉有青春力，

但山高途险，

岂可达峰。

而今满头白发，

已是一衰翁。

叹壮志难酬，

天年将尽犹挽弓。

（作者简介:天宜居士，本名夏金峣，贵州人，欧洲大学工商管理博士。北京大学未名湖文学社签约作家。)

点评：

《忆旧游·美梦难圆》是一首今昔对照、悲壮兼有的抒怀词。以下逐句解析与综合鉴赏。

一、逐句解析

上阕

“看大江浩瀚，滚滚东流，碧水潆泓。”

起拍以“看”字领起，化用苏轼“大江东去”之意象，以浩瀚东流之大江开篇，气象宏阔。“滚滚”叠字增强动态感，“潆泓”一词精妙，既状水势回旋深广之貌，又暗含岁月流转、光阴不回之喻。三句奠定全词时空浩渺之基调，以大江喻人生历程，滚滚东去不可逆，为下文“忆旧”铺设宏阔背景。

“想当年卒业，立桑弧矢志，满面春风。”

“想当年”三字领起回忆，转入往昔。“卒业”点明人生节点——学成毕业之际。“桑弧矢志”用典精当，《礼记·内则》载男子出生“以桑弧蓬矢六，射天地四方”，此典喻胸怀四方之志、报国之心。“满面春风”以神态写意气风发，四字写尽少年得志之态。三句由宏阔时空收束到具体人生时刻，笔法收放自如。

“赋诗咏怀天下，豪誓作周公。”

此二句承上深化少年志向。“赋诗咏怀天下”暗用杜甫“致君尧舜上，再使风俗淳”之意，见其以天下为己任之襟抱。“豪誓作周公”直抒胸臆，以周公辅佐成王、制礼作乐之典，表达建功立业、治国安邦之宏愿。“豪誓”二字尤见力度，可见当年志气之盛、誓言之重。

“赴南北东西，遨游寰宇，揽月摘星。”

“赴南北东西”以方位铺陈写奔走四方之辛劳，“遨游寰宇”境界再拓，有囊括四海之意。“揽月摘星”化用李白“欲上青天揽明月”之意，以极度夸张写壮志凌云、欲达至高之境。三句节奏明快，与少年意气相激荡，将上阕豪情推向高潮。

下阕

“前行。路悠漫，遇狂风暴雨，怎肯终穷。”

过片以“前行”二字独立成句，斩钉截铁，有承上启下之妙。“路悠漫”化用屈原“路漫漫其修远兮”，“狂风暴雨”喻人生险阻，由虚入实。“怎肯终穷”以反诘出之，见其不屈之志。“终穷”语出《楚辞》，暗含“固将愁苦而终穷”之意，然反其意而用之，更见倔强。

“枉有青春力，但山高途险，岂可达峰。”

“枉有青春力”转折陡生，“枉”字沉痛，写尽空有壮志而时运不济之慨。“山高途险”呼应前文“狂风暴雨”，“岂可达峰”以疑问语气写理想与现实之巨大落差。至此，上阕之豪情一落千丈，词境由扬转抑，波澜顿起。

“而今满头白发，已是一衰翁。”

“而今”与“想当年”遥相对照，时间跨度一目了然。“满头白发”与“满面春风”形成鲜明比照，“衰翁”与“桑弧矢志”构成强烈反差。二句以白描手法写暮年形象，不加雕饰而悲慨自深，字字沉痛。

“叹壮志难酬，天年将尽犹挽弓。”

结拍“叹”字总揽全词情感，“壮志难酬”点明题旨“美梦难圆”。“天年将尽”承“衰翁”而来，“犹挽弓”三字为全词词眼——虽老迈而不弃，虽梦碎而犹争，化用“老骥伏枥”之意而更具悲壮色彩。“挽弓”呼应上阕“桑弧矢志”，首尾圆合，结构精严。以“犹挽弓”作结，如强弩之末而余力犹存，悲中见壮，令人动容。

二、综合鉴赏

（一）结构艺术：今昔对照，大开大合

全词以“忆旧游”为线索，上阕忆昔，下阕抚今，以“想当年”与“而今”为时间坐标，构建宏大的时空对照框架。上阕由“看大江”之空间铺展起笔，转入“想当年”之时间回溯，再以“赴南北东西”之动态收束；下阕以“前行”承转，由“路悠漫”之远望跌入“枉有青春力”之现实，终以“衰翁挽弓”作结。全词大开大合，收放自如，波澜起伏，章法井然。

（二）意象体系：江流·弓矢·峰岳的三重象征

大江意象贯穿始终，既是现实之景，更是时间之流、历史之河，承载着“逝者如斯”的永恒悲慨。桑弧与挽弓构成一组核心意象，前者为生命初始之礼，象征志向的萌发；后者为暮年不屈之态，象征志向的坚守。一始一终，首尾呼应，构成生命弧线的完整隐喻。山高途险与峰则象征理想之境界，不可达而心向往之，构成永恒的张力。

（三）情感脉络：豪—壮—悲—壮的螺旋上升

全词情感经历“少年豪情—壮年奋进—暮年悲慨—老而弥坚”的四重转折。上阕“满面春风”“揽月摘星”为第一重豪情；下阕“怎肯终穷”为第二重壮心；“枉有青春力”“已是一衰翁”为第三重悲慨；结句“犹挽弓”为第四重悲壮。此四重情感并非简单循环，而是螺旋上升——起点是天真之豪，终点是沧桑之壮，境界迥异而精神一脉。这种“悲壮”之美，正是全词最动人之处。

（四）用典与化用：博采众长而自出机杼

“桑弧矢志”取《礼记》，“作周公”取《尚书》，“揽月摘星”化李白，“路悠漫”化屈原，“终穷”取《楚辞》，“挽弓”暗用“老骥伏枥”。然作者并非堆砌典故，而是熔铸己意，以“怎肯”“岂可”“犹”等虚词斡旋其间，使典事化为情语，典雅而不晦涩，沉郁而见个性。

（五）词牌与声情：忆旧游之体式与内容的高度契合

《忆旧游》词牌以“忆”为调名核心，宜写追忆往昔、感慨今昔之作。此词上阕铺陈少年豪举，下阕写暮年悲怀，与词牌声情高度吻合。中华新韵的运用使声律更贴近现代语音，而平仄交替、韵脚铿锵，读来朗朗上口，不失古典词韵之美。

（六）哲学意蕴：梦碎之后的坚守

“美梦难圆”四字，道尽人生根本困境——理想与现实之间永恒的鸿沟。然全词可贵处不在“梦碎”之叹，而在“犹挽弓”之守。这种明知不可为而为之的精神，上承孔子“知其不可而为之”的入世担当，下接鲁迅“绝望之为虚妄，正与希望相同”的现代抗争意识。词中“衰翁”形象，既是作者自况，亦可视为一代人精神历程的缩影——他们在时代洪流中失去很多，却始终未曾放下心中的弓与矢。

三、总评

此词以“美梦难圆”为题，写尽人生理想与现实的永恒角力。上阕以“大江”开篇，境界宏阔；以“揽月摘星”收束，豪情万丈。下阕以“前行”承转，以“挽弓”作结，悲壮苍凉。全词时空对照、今昔交织，意象丰富而统一，情感跌宕而深沉，用典雅正而鲜活，音韵铿锵而自然。其最动人处，在于写出了一种“失败者的坚守”——梦虽难圆，弓犹在手；天年将尽，壮心未已。此等境界，非饱经沧桑者不能道，非胸有块垒者不能解。置于当代词坛，当为不可多得之佳作。

Remembering the old trip. A dream is hard to come true

(Chinese New Romance)

A paradise of paradise

Look at the huge river,

It's rolling in the east,

The blue water stood on a shore.

I thought i died that year,

Leaning forward with a passion,

There was a spring wind all over my face.

I write a poem to remember the world,

He vowed to be a Zhou Gong.

Go north and east,

Traveling the world,

Take the moon and pick the stars.

Let's move on.

The road is long,

In the midst of fierce winds and rain,

How can we end up poor?

I don't have the power of youth,

But the mountains are high and the road is dangerous,

There is no way to reach the peak.

Now he has white hair,

He is already a senile man.

I regret that my ambitions are unfulfilled,

The heavenly year will end as a bow.

(Introduction: Tian Yisheng, real name Xia Jinji, a native of Guizhou, PhD in Business Administration at European University.) Peking University does not have a signed writer for the unnamed HKU literary society. )

Comments:

"Remembering the Old Travels and the Dream Can't Be Fulfilled" is a lonely poem that contrasts with the past and is sad. The following sentence-by-sentence analysis and synthesis are provided.

I. Explanation by sentence

The Upper Part

"Look at the vast river, which flows eastward, and the blue water runs through the river."

The opening photo begins with the word "see," using Su Shi's image of "the great river going east," opening with the great river flowing east, with great weather. The folding of "rolling" enhances the sense of movement, and the word "ponghong" is beautiful, which shows the deep and wide circle of water, but also implies that the years flow and the time does not return. Three sentences set the tone of the whole word in a vast time and space, using the great river to represent the journey of life, and rolling east is irreversible, laying out a broad background for "remembering the past" below.

"I remember when I died, but I kept my thoughts alive, and my face was full of spring."

The word "think of the past" leads to memories and moves into the past. "Stroke" marks a point in life - when you finish your studies. "The desire for a thorn's bow" is written in a dictionary. The Book of Revelation says that a man was born "with the thorn''s bow six, and he struck the heavens and the earth in four directions," which is a reference to the desire for four directions and the desire to return to the country. "The Spring Wind on My Face" writes in a manner of youthful spirit, and writes in four words all the signs of youthfulness. The three sentences are limited from a vast time and space to a specific moment in life, and the writing is easy to put into place.

"I write a poem to remember the world, and I vow to be a Zhou Gong."

These two sentences serve to deepen the ambitions of youth. "To write poems to remember the world" uses the meaning of Du Fu "to the king, to the emperor, to make customs simple again," to see that he embraces the world as his mission. "Sovereign to be a Zhou Gong" expressed his ambitions, using the Zhou Gong to help him become king and make ceremonies as a celebration, expressing his great desire to build a successful career and safeguard the country. The word "solemn oath" is particularly strong, which shows how ambitious and serious the oath was.

"Go north and east, travel the world, gather the moon and pick the stars."

"To North, South and East" describes the labors of traveling all over the world in terms of location, and "to travel the world" has the meaning of encompassing the whole world. "Taking the moon and picking the stars" takes the meaning of Li Bai's "desire to ascend the sky and take the shining moon," and writes in great exaggeration about the ambition to rise above the clouds and to reach the highest. The three sentences are fast and rhythmically resonant with the youth's spirit, pushing the former passage to a climax of pride.

The next chapter

“Let's move on. The road is long and the wind and rain are fierce, but you can't end up poor.”

In a separate sentence, the word "forward" is decisive, and it has the advantage of anchoring the top and setting the bottom. "The road is long" is used by Qu Yuan, "the road is long and the road is long, and the wind and rain are a metaphor for life's obstacles, which turns from a false to a reality. "How can I end up poor?" retorts to show their indomitable determination. The word "end poverty" comes from Chu's Recollections, which implies the meaning "will always struggle and end poverty," but it is used in the opposite direction, which is more stubborn.

"There is no youth, but the mountains are high and the road is dangerous, and you cannot reach the summit."

The phrase "too much youthfulness" took a sudden turn, and the word "too much" was painful, describing all the feelings of hopelessness and bad luck. "Mountains are high and dangerous" echoes "storms and rains" in the preceding paragraph, and "Can we reach the summit" expresses the huge gap between ideal and reality in a questioning tone. At this point, the pride of the preceding passage fell a thousand degrees, the context changed from a tone to a tone, and the waves began.

"Now he has gray hair and is a senile man."

The distance between "now" and "think of the past" makes the time span obvious. "Full of white hair" and "full of spring wind" form a sharp contrast, and "aging man" and "sanwen" contrast strongly. The two sentences depict the image of the late age in white painting, without decoration, and with deep sadness in the words.

"I regret that my ambitions will not be rewarded, and the years will come when I am bowed."

The final word "sigh" captures the whole sentiment of the word, "ambition is hard to earn" indicates the purpose, "a beautiful dream is hard to achieve." "The end of the heavenly year" comes with the word senility, and the word "to bow" is the whole word - even though old and unyielding, even though dreams are broken and quarreling, and it is changed to the meaning of "old and fallen" to become more powerful. The "bow" echoes the earlier passage of "Sun's arc" and is rounded at the beginning and end, and is structured in a precise way. To conclude with a "bow," like the end of a powerful crossbow and the remaining strength, is powerful and moving.

II. Comprehensive appreciation

(1) Structural art: contrasting past and present, opening up greatly

The whole word uses "remembering old trips" as a clue, the upper part recalls the past, and the lower part reflects the present, and uses "thinking about the past" and "today" as time coordinates to construct a grand space-time comparison framework. The preceding paragraph begins with the space of "looking at the Great River," moves back to the time of "thinking of the past," and is bound by the dynamic of "going north, south and east." The next stanza is completed by "moving forward," from the vision of "long roads" to the reality of "too much youthfulness," and ends with "the old man holding his bow." The whole word opens and closes, unfolds and unfolds easily, and the rules are well established.

(ii) The imagery system: the triple symbol of river, bow and mountain

The image of the Great River throughout the whole time is not only a realistic scene, but also a flow of time and a river of history, carrying the eternal sadness of "the dead as this." The sacred arc and the bow form a core set of imagery, with the former being the first gesture of life and symbolic of the growth of aspirations; The latter is a gesture of indomitable old age and symbolizes the perseverance of ambition. Each start and end echoes each other and forms a complete metaphor for the arc of life. The high mountains, the dangerous mountains and the peaks symbolize ideal places, impossible to reach but desirable to the heart, and constitute eternal tension.

(3) The emotional spectrum: a spiral of happiness-strength-sadness-strength

The whole word's emotional experience is the four transitions of "youthful romance - advancing in youth - grieving in old age - old and persistent." The first verse "full of spring wind" and "picking the moon and singing stars" are the first tribute to pride. The next sentence, "How can I be poor?" is the second ambition. "Not having the strength of youth" and "being a decayed man" is the third grief; The conclusion, "Arming a bow," is the fourth greatest tragedy. These four emotions are not simple cycles, but spirals - starting with naive pride and finishing with perseverance, very different and spiritual. This beauty of "sorrow" is the most moving thing about the whole word.

(4) Use of dictionaries and chemical uses: learn from others and make your own knives

"Sun's ambitions" were taken from the Book of Conduct, "to be Zhou Gong" was taken from The Book of Literature, "to take the moon and pick the stars" was changed from Li Bai, "to walk long distances" was turned from Qu Yuan, "to end poverty" was took from the Chu Ri, and "to carry on the bow" was hidden from the Old Ji's feet. However, the author did not stack examples, but melted his own sentiments, mediating them with false words such as "can," "can" and "Je," so that the examples turned into words of love, elegant but not cryptic, and sombre and revealing personality.

(5) Words and voice: a high degree of conformity between the style and content of remembering a trip

The phrase "Remembrance of an Old Journey" has "remembrance" as the core of its title. It is appropriate to write a work that recalls the past and reflects on the past. The first sentence of this word celebrates youthful achievements, and the second sentence writes sorrow in the twilight, which is highly compatible with the voice of the song. The use of Chinese new rhymes makes the sound rhythm more similar to modern speech, and the variations of pitch and the strong feet of rhymes make it catchy to read, without losing the beauty of classical rhymes.

(6) Philosophical implications: perseverance after a dream breaks

The words "Dreams are hard to come by" explain the fundamental dilemma of life - the eternal gap between ideals and reality. But what makes the whole word so valuable is not the sigh of "broken dreams," but the defense of "bows." This spirit of knowing what is not to be done embraces Confucius's acceptance responsibility to enter the world "knowing that it is not to do," and Lu Xun's modern sense of resistance "that despair is a falsehood, just like hope." The image of the "old man" in the word is both a self-portrait of the author and a microcosm of the spiritual journey of a generation who have lost much in the floods of the times, but have never laid down their bows and arrows.

III. Overall review

The word is titled "Dreams are hard to come by," and describes the eternal struggle between life's ideals and reality. The first passage begins with the words "the Great River," and the landscape is vast. With a desire to "pick the moon and pick the stars," he was very proud. The next stanza is turned by "move forward" and ended by "bridle the bow," which is sad and desolate. The whole word is time and space in contrast, the past and present intertwined, the image is rich and unified, the emotions are turbulent and deep, the words are elegant and vivid, the sounds are strong and natural. The most moving thing about it is that it writes of a "failure's persistence" - although the dream is difficult, the bow is still in hand. The year of the heavens is coming to an end, and the courage has not been exhausted. Such a situation cannot be solved by those who have endured the vicissitudes and by those with a strong foundation in their hearts. It is a rare work in contemporary poetry.